General Information

Site Name and Location:		Boone Dry Cleaners Jackson, Madison County, Tennessee, United States
Description: Historical activity that resulted in contamination.		The Boone Dry Cleaners site is 0.2 acre former drycleaning site (currently a welding supply store) located in a mixed use area (industrial, residential, commercial) near downtown Jackson, TN. The establishment operated for 20 years between 1945 and 1977, the exact dates of operation are not known. Asphalt predominantly covers the site, with small strips of exposed soil present in the alley east of the site and on the north side. Standard drycleaning activities are suspected to be the source of chlorinated solvent (PCE, TCE, cis-DCE) constituents detected in soil and groundwater in the vicinity of the site. The Savings Oil Company which neighbors the site, is suspected to be the source of BTEX constituents detected in groundwater.

Contaminants:

Contaminants: Contaminants present and the highest amount detected in both soil and groundwater (please avoid giving ranges).		Contaminant Conc in GW Conc. in Soil 1,1-Dichloroethene 2.7 µg/L 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene 2560 µg/L 4,690 µg/kg 1,2-Dichloroethane 10.2 µg/L 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene 690 µg/L 2100 µg/kg Benzene 32,100 µg/L chloroform 10 µg/kg cis-1,2-Dichloroethene 1780 µg/L 156 µg/kg ethylbenzene 5400 µg/L m-Xylene 16,300 µg/L (m,o,&p) 283 µg/kg naphthalene 850 µg/L 16 µg/kg n-butylbenzene 352 µg/kg n-propylbenzene 552 µg/L 413 µg/kg p-isopropyltoluene 354 µg/kg Tetrachloroethene (PCE) 89,800 µg/L 6,090 mg/kg toluene 26,400 µg/L trans-1,2-Dichloroethene 6.0 µg/L 13 µg/kg Trichloroethene (TCE) 610 µg/L 39 µg/kg Vinyl Chloride 220 µg/L
Other Contaminants Present: Indicates what other contaminants were found on-site		1,2dibromoethane,styrene, acetone 4-isopropyltoluene, chlorobenzene, diethyl phthalate, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(a)anthracene, fluoranthene, indeno(1,2,3 cd) pyrene, pyrene, chrysene
Deepest Significant Groundwater Contamination:		in municipal supply wells offsite, which are 100-150 ft deep
Plume Size:		Approx. 1180 ft x 415 ft x 62.25 ft

Site Hydrology:

Depth to Groundwater:		10.11 ft (shllw), 45.87 ft (intermd), 65.85 ft (deep)
Lithology and Subsurface Geology:		According to soil boring logs (6/99), the site is underlain by 1 ft of fill material followed by 6 ft of silty clay, 3-ft of sand and clayey sand (7-10 ft), 9-ft of sand and sandy clay (11-20 ft), 20-ft of clay and sandy clay, followed by sand present for the next 10-ft.
Conductivity:		13.73 -28.86 ft/day (shllw); 13.73 ft/day (intermd); 52.62-54.43 ft/day (deep) ft/day
Gradient:		0.0057 ft/ft (shllw); 0.096 ft/ft (intermd); 0.022-0.0044 ft/ft (deep)

Pathways and DNAPL Presence:

Pathways:		None Specified
DNAPL Presence:		No

Remediation Scenario:

Cleanup Goals:

Soil: EPA Region IX PRGs Groundwater: SDWA MCLs

Technologies:

Technologies Used:		In Situ: Bioremediation
Other technologies used:		Excavation of soil within the source area occurred in December 2004. Approximate area of excavation, 22ftx22ftx12ft.
Why the technology was selected:		Bioremediation was thought to be the safest and most effective short- & long-term remedy for both soil and groundwater.
Date implemented:		April 2002 (pilot test for enhanced bioremediation)
Final remediation design:		The remedial design consisted of twelve 4" injection wells and eight 2" pilot test monitoring wells installed to a depth of 18-ft. One injection well was placed in the source area with five others placed parallel to the plume width, just upgradient of the source area end, at a 10-ft spacing. The remaining six wells were placed throughout the plume length, near or offset from the plume centerline. These wells were spaced between 20-30 ft apart. The eight pilot test monitoring wells were placed along the length of the plume downgradient of the upgradient injection wells and cross-gradient to the plume length injection wells. A baseline sampling event was conducted in April 2002 to establish pre-injection conditions. In May 1002, the wells were injected with a solution of corn syrup, simple green, and vegetable oil. This was continued on a two-week schedule until August with a one-time injection of emulsified soybean oil taking place in December. Effectiveness sampling was conducted in August 2002 and March 2003. Excavation of soil within the source area occurred in December 2004. Approximate area of excavation, 22ftx22ftx12ft. Sodium lactate (Wilclear) was added to the excavation.

Results and Next Steps:

Results to date:		The wells with the greatest PCE impact (PCE baseline concentration greater than 4-orders of magnitude higher than the PCE MCL) indicated a 85-95% decrease by August 2002. The March 2003 data indicated that one of these wells, which is located within the source area, maintained a concentration similar to the August 2002 level. The other well, located slightly downgradient of the source area, indicated a rebound to baseline concentrations. Another well, located slightly outside the centerline between these wells, indicated a rebound to greater than baseline concentrations. The baseline concentration for this well was about 2-orders of magnitude higher than the MCL. Wells located about midway along the plume and up to the leading edge, indicated no PCE detections. Baseline concentrations for these wells ranged from MCL levels up to about 2-orders of magnitude.
Next Steps:		Activities planned at the site include nutrient injections over the next two years with periodic effectiveness monitoring. In addition, sampling is planned in the future to assess the remedy effectiveness.

Costs:

Cost for Assessment:		Cost breakdown unavailable at this time.
Cost to Design and Implement:
Cost for Operation and Maintenance:
Total Costs for Cleanup:

Lessons Learned:

Lessons Learned:

1. Remedial designs that call for injections of nutrients using oil containing nutrient enriched emulsions should consider the separation of oil from the emulsion. The remedy for this site added nutrients via a soybean oil, maple syrup, and simple green emulsion and vegetable oil is now floating on top of water.

Contacts:

Principal Point of Contact:

(Project Manager) Shanda Hunt Environmental Specialist 731-512-1326 (Submitted By) Pamela Franklin Environmental Protection Specialist 615-687-7066

Site Specific References:

Site Specific References:

1.Preliminary Assessmnt Rpt, May 1992. 2.RI/FS report Jan. 2002. 3.SI Report, February 1993. 4.Source Area Investigation Report of Findings Jan. 2004. 5.2002-2003 Groundwater Monitoring Report. 6.File Information for TDSF 57-517